How many nuremberg trials were there

The prisoners were allowed contact with attorneys who would represent them at trial, though they were not guaranteed an attorney being present when interrogated by military personnel.

It was called Camp Ashcan. The British operated a similar facility, even more spartan, in their sector. It was called Camp Dustbin. When Hitler expressed his dislike of the facility, Speer modified it further for Luftwaffe use. Towards the end of the war Goering suggested Hitler seek a truce through Swiss contacts at Kransberg. In August, the first group of prisoners to be tried before the tribunal were transferred to Nuremberg.

Nuremberg was selected as the site for the trial after Leipzig, Berlin, and Luxembourg were rejected. The city had been a symbol of the Nazi Party and, more importantly, both a functional prison facility and the Palace of Justice were relatively intact, having survived the Allied bombing campaign.

The tribunal was comprised of eight judges, a primary and an alternate, two each from the Soviet Union, United States, Great Britain, and France. Each also supplied a Chief Prosecutor to present the case based on the indictments through which the prisoners were charged.

Four receive prison terms ranging from 10 to 20 years Doenitz, Schirach, Speer, and Neurath. The court acquits three defendants: Hjalmar Schacht economics minister , Franz von Papen German politician who played an important role in Hitler's appointment as chancellor , and Hans Fritzsche head of press and radio.

The other 10 defendants are hanged, their bodies cremated, and the ashes deposited in the Isar River. The seven major war criminals sentenced to prison terms are remanded to the Spandau Prison in Berlin. We would like to thank Crown Family Philanthropies and the Abe and Ida Cooper Foundation for supporting the ongoing work to create content and resources for the Holocaust Encyclopedia. View the list of all donors.

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Must Reads Introduction to the Holocaust What conditions, ideologies, and ideas made the Holocaust possible? About This Site. Glossary : Full Glossary. In late and , Seyss-Inquart was active in the Aryanization of Jewish property and the deportation of Dutch Jews to the extermination camps in Poland.

Artur Seyss-Inquart was charged on all four counts and was sentenced to death by hanging. You were not only a member of the Nazi Party after , but you held high rank in the Party, did you not?

Temporarily in I became a department head in the German Labor Front and dealt with the improvement of labor conditions in German factories. Then I was in charge of public works on the staff of Hess. I gave up both these activities in Notes of the conference I had with Hitler about this are available.

SPEER: Party titles had just been introduced, and they were so complicated that I cannot tell you at the moment what they were. My title was Hauptdienstleiter or something of the kind. SPEER: Before I joined in the various Party rallies here in Nuremberg because I had to take part in them as an architect, and of course besides this I was generally present at official Party meetings or Reichstag sessions.

Albert Speer was sentenced to 20 years imprisonment. He was released from Spandau Prison on September 30, Speer died in As Editor-in-Chief of the venomous antisemitic paper, Der Stuermer , Julius Streicher disseminated hatred and the most virulent strain of anti-Jewish sentiment to be found in all of Germany.

And, yet, his role in inciting the extermination of Jews was significant enough, in the judgment of the prosecutors, to include him in the indictment. Julius Streicher was sentenced to death by hanging. The sentence of Neurath has been criticized as relatively harsh. His case was little different from that of Papen and Schacht, both of whom were acquitted. The Tribunal seemed unimpressed with his claim that he remained in his position in Czechoslovakia to prevent that country from being taken over completely by the SS cf.

Conot, Constantin von Neurath was sentenced to 15 years imprisonment. However, the prosecution had serious difficulties linking Papen to conspiracy to initiate an aggressive war.

In that position, he was intimately involved in almost all of the actions to wage "aggressive war. He had recommended and supported the deportation of Jews from France and Italy to the camps in the east and urged their extermination.

Joachim von Ribbentrop was sentenced to death by hanging. On Count One, planning and preparing for aggressive war, the evidence was slight at best. As head of the Hitler Youth movement, he was accused of preparing the youth of Germany for war. On Count Four however, Schirach was is much deeper trouble. His antisemitism was not only well-known, Schirach had expressed it openly.

Thr Tribunal produced powerful documentary evidence that he knew and approved the deportation of Jews from Vienna to the extermination camps. This knowledge rendered invalid his claim that he supported the deportation of Reich Jews following Kristallnacht because he thought it was in the best interest of Jews.

Baldur von Schirach was sentenced to 20 years imprisonment. He served the entire term in Spandau Prison and died in Download our mobile app for on-the-go access to the Jewish Virtual Library. Category » The Nuremberg Trials. Charter of the International Military Tribunal. Trial Proceedings. Charges Against Hans Munch. Final Report, Appendix G. Final Report, Appendix L. Engineer Kurt Prufer on Crematorium Design.

Engineer Fritz Sander on Crematorium Design. Engineer Karl Schultze on Crematorium Design. Testimony on Auschwitz. Testimony of Albert Speer. Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression: Opinion and Judgment. The Aggression Against Poland. The Aggression Against Yugoslavakia and Greece.